Ex Siren Movie Memorabilia, Signed Photographs and More

Picture Psa

Cancer of the prostate gland Surgical treatment only in resolving Aastha Health Care Hospital, Mumbai, Mulund, Pune, India

What is the prostate gland?

The prostate is a glandular organ, about the size of a walnut, found in men. The prostate is normally about 3 cm long and is located in the neck of the bladder and in front of the rectum. The prostate gland produces fluid that forms part of semen.

What is prostate cancer?

Prostate cancer is found mainly in men older. As men age, the prostate may get bigger and block the urethra or bladder. This may cause difficulty in urination or can interfere with sexual function. The condition is called benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and although it is not cancer, surgery may be necessary to correct it. The symptoms of benign prostatic hyperplasia or other prostate problems may be similar to symptoms of prostate cancer. Prostate cancer is often a very slow growing disease. It may take 10 years or more for a small tumor to spread beyond the gland and represent a serious threat to health.

Cancer occurs when normal cells undergo a transformation in which they grow and multiply out of control. There are four stages of prostate cancer:

Stage I - In stage I, the cancer is found in the prostate only. It is usually found accidentally during surgery for other reasons, such as benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Phase II-In stage II, cancer is more advanced than in stage I, but has not spread outside the prostate.

Stage III-In stage III, the cancer has spread beyond the outer layer of the prostate to nearby tissues. Cancer may be found in the seminal vesicles.

Stage IV In stage IV, cancer has metastasized (spread) to lymph nodes near or far from the prostate or to other parts of the body, such as bladder, rectum, bones, liver or lungs. Metastatic prostate cancer often spreads to the bones.

Cancer Stages prostate

What are the causes?

The cause of prostate cancer is unknown, but hormonal factors, genetic, environmental, dietary, and are believed to play a role. The following factors have been associated with the development of this condition:

* Age: There is a strong correlation between increasing age and the development of prostate cancer. Autopsy records indicate that 70% of men aged over 90 have at least one region in prostate cancer.

* Race: African American men are 1.5-2 times more likely than whites to develop prostate cancer.

* Genetic factors: The men, who have a history of prostate cancer in their family are at greater risk.

* Diet: A high-fat diet has been associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer.

* Chemicals: Exposure to chemicals such as cadmium has been implicated in the development of prostate cancer.

What are the symptoms?

Prostate cancer can produce many symptoms. Some of them have been listed below. But the presence of these symptoms does not necessarily indicate prostate cancer. Other conditions can cause the same symptoms. A doctor should be consulted if any of these problems. Some symptoms are:

* Weak or interrupted flow of urine.
* Frequent urination (especially at night).
* Difficulty urinating.
* Pain or burning during urination.
* Blood in urine or semen.
* Pain in the back, hips or pelvis that does not disappear.
* Painful ejaculation.

How is it diagnosed?

The doctor may perform tests necessary to detect and diagnose prostate cancer. Procedures following can be used:

* Digital rectal examination (DRE): The doctor inserts a lubricated, gloved finger into the rectum and feels the prostate through rectal wall for lumps or abnormal areas.

Digital rectal exam (DRE)

* Prostate-specific antigen (PSA): A test that measures the level of PSA in the blood. PSA is a substance produced by the prostate that can be found in greater amounts in the blood of men who have cancer prostate. PSA levels can also be high in men who have an infection or inflammation of the prostate or benign prostatic hyperplasia (enlarged one, but noncancerous, prostate).

* The transrectal ultrasound: A procedure in which a tube is about the size of a finger is inserted into the rectum to examine the prostate. The probe is used to bounce high-energy waves (ultrasound)

in internal tissues or organs and make echoes. The echoes form a picture of body tissues called a sonogram. Transrectal ultrasound can be used during a biopsy procedure.

Transrectal ultrasound shows a series of ultrasound images of the prostate used to construct a 3-dimesnsional image of the prostate (volume study) and treatment plan. limit key Red line = prostate = blue line radiation to be delivered

* Biopsy: The removal of cells or tissues so they can be viewed under a microscope by a pathologist. The pathologist will examine the biopsy sample for cancer cells and determine the Gleason score. The Gleason score ranges from 2-10 and describes how likely is that the tumor has spread. The lower the number, the less likely the tumor will spread. There are 2 types of biopsy procedures to diagnose cancer Prostate:

or transrectal biopsy: The removal of tissue from the prostate by inserting a thin needle through the rectum into the prostate. This procedure is usually done using transrectal ultrasound to help guide the needle. A pathologist views the tissue under a microscope to check for cancer cells.
or transperineal biopsy: The removal of prostate tissue by inserting a thin needle through the skin between the scrotum and rectum into the prostate. A pathologist views the tissue under a microscope to check for cancer cells.

If prostate cancer is diagnosed, other tests (eg radionuclide bone scan, magnetic resonance. pelvic lymph node dissection, biopsy of seminal vesicles) are done to determine if cancer cells have spread within the prostate or to other parts of the body.

What are the treatment options?

Treatments prostate cancer are effective in most men. But remember that cause both short and long term side effects that may be difficult to accept. So you and your partner or family should discuss treatment options in detail with your urologist and other doctors. It is essential to understand which treatments are available, the effectiveness of each is likely to be, and what side effects to expect. All these must be weighed carefully before making a decision on which way take.

Surgery

There are different types of treatment for patients with prostate cancer. Patients in good health are usually offered surgery as a treatment for prostate cancer. The following types of surgery are used:

* Pelvic lymphadenectomy: A procedure surgery to remove lymph nodes in the pelvis. A pathologist views the tissue under a microscope to check for cancer cells. If the lymph nodes contain cancer, the doctor will not remove the prostate and may recommend other treatment.

* Radical prostatectomy: This approach makes good sense all for relatively healthy patients younger than 65 years. On the one hand, these men often have the strength to handle a major operation. A surgical procedure to remove the prostate, surrounding tissue and seminal vesicles. There are two types of radical prostatectomy:

or retropubic prostatectomy: A surgical procedure to remove the prostate through an incision (cut) in the abdominal wall. The removal of nearby lymph nodes can be done at the same time.
or perineal prostatectomy: A surgical procedure to remove the prostate through an incision (cut) in the perineum (the area between the scrotum and the anus). Nearby lymph nodes can also be removed through an incision in the abdomen.

* To destroy the local disease
* To shorten hospital stay
* To reduce the number of postoperative morbidities
* To shorten the recovery time
* To reduce the cost of the procedure

For more information about cancer of the prostate gland surgery, please visit:
href = "http://www.aasthahealthcare.com/Prostate-Cancer-Treatment.htm" target = "_blank" title = "http://www.aasthahealthcare.com/Prostate-Cancer-Treatment.htm"> http:/ / www.aasthahealthcare.com / Treatment.htm-Prostate Cancer

------------------------------------ About the Author

Certified super specialty surgery hospital center in Mumbai that specializes in Weight Loss Treatment, Obesity Treatment, Laparoscopy Surgery Treatment, Bariatric Surgery Treatment, Fertility Center India, Urosurgery Treatment, Endourology Treatment, Obstetrics and Gynaecology Treatment, Minimally Invasive Procedure for Haemorrhoid with special treatment to Indian as well as Foreign patients.